Biological invasions are frequently and closely associated with armed conflict. As a key element of human history, war involves the invasion of (often distant) enemy territories, during which time species can be translocated, intentionally or unintentionally. Large-scale conflicts such as World War I and II, in which thousands of soldiers and supplies (including foodstuffs) were transported within and between continents, resulted in the spread of non-native taxa. However, smaller scale military actions may also involve rapid movements of troops between geographical areas, potentially facilitating the accidental introduction of species into previously unoccupied areas. Furthermore, invasive pests have occasionally been used by armies as weapons to weaken and disrupt opposing forces or nations. The introduction of invasive species during war could be considered relatively minor collateral damage, but many biological invasions in conflict zones have long-lasting effects. Regulation of military practices to minimize or prevent biological invasions through existing international conventions has so far been unsuccessful, necessitating the development of additional measures.

中文翻译：

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附带损害：军事入侵引发生物入侵

生物入侵经常与武装冲突密切相关。作为人类历史的一个关键要素，战争涉及对（通常是遥远的）敌方领土的入侵，在此期间，物种可能有意或无意地转移。在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战等大规模冲突中，成千上万的士兵和物资（包括食品）在大陆内部和大陆之间运输，导致了非本地类群的传播。然而，较小规模的军事行动也可能涉及部队在地理区域之间的快速调动，这可能会导致物种意外引入以前无人居住的地区。此外，入侵性害虫有时被军队用作武器来削弱和破坏敌对势力或国家。战争期间引入入侵物种可以被认为是相对较小的附带损害，但冲突地区的许多生物入侵会产生长期影响。迄今为止，通过现有国际公约对军事做法进行监管以尽量减少或防止生物入侵尚未成功，因此需要制定额外的措施。