Background

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a growing class of manufactured chemical compounds found in a variety of consumer products. PFAS are ubiquitous in the environment and were found in many humans sampled in the United States (U.S.). Yet, significant gaps in understanding statewide levels of exposure to PFAS remain.

Objective

The goals of this study are to establish a baseline of exposure at the state level by measuring PFAS serum levels among a representative sample of Wisconsin residents and compare to United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods

The study sample included 605 adults (18+ years of age) selected from the 2014–2016 sample of the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW). Thirty-eight PFAS serum concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS/MS) and geometric means were presented. Weighted geometric mean serum values of eight PFAS analytes from SHOW were compared to U.S. national levels from the NHANES 2015–2016 sample (PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, PFHpS, PFDA, PFUnDA), and the 2017–2018 sample for Me-PFOSA, PFHPS using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Results

PFOS, PFHxS, PFHpS, PFDA, PFNA, and PFOA were detected in over 96% of SHOW participants. In general, SHOW participants had lower serum levels across all PFAS when compared to NHANES. Serum levels increased with age and were higher among males and whites. Similar trends were seen in NHANES, except non-whites had higher PFAS levels at higher percentiles in NHANES.

Impact statement

The present study conducts biomonitoring of 38 PFAS among representative sample of residents in the state of Wisconsin. Results suggest that while the majority of Wisconsin residents tested have detectable levels of PFAS in their blood serum, they may have a lower body burden of some PFAS compared to a nationally representative sample. Older adults, males, and whites may have a higher body burden of PFAS relative to other groups, both in Wisconsin and the wider United States.

中文翻译：

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2014-2016 年威斯康星州健康调查 (SHOW) 对全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的生物监测以及与国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的比较

背景

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 是一种不断增长的人造化合物，存在于各种消费品中。PFAS 在环境中无处不在，在美国 (US) 的许多人体样本中都发现了 PFAS。然而，对全州 PFAS 暴露水平的了解仍然存在巨大差距。

客观的

本研究的目标是通过测量威斯康星州居民代表性样本中的 PFAS 血清水平，并与美国国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 进行比较，建立州一级的暴露基线。

方法

研究样本包括从 2014-2016 年威斯康星州健康调查 (SHOW) 样本中选出的 605 名成年人（18 岁以上）。使用高压液相色谱结合串联质谱检测 (HPLC-MS/MS) 测量了 38 种 PFAS 血清浓度，并给出了几何平均值。将 SHOW 中八种 PFAS 分析物的加权几何平均血清值与 NHANES 2015-2016 年样本（PFOS、PFOA、PFNA、PFHxS、PFHpS、PFDA、PFUnDA）和 2017-2018 年 Me-PFOSA 样本中的美国国家水平进行比较，PFHPS 使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验。

结果

超过 96% 的 SHOW 参与者检测到 PFOS、PFHxS、PFHpS、PFDA、PFNA 和 PFOA。一般来说，与 NHANES 相比，SHOW 参与者的所有 PFAS 血清水平均较低。血清水平随着年龄的增长而增加，并且在男性和白人中更高。NHANES 中也出现了类似的趋势，只是非白人在 NHANES 中的百分位数较高时具有较高的 PFAS 水平。

影响报告

本研究对威斯康星州居民的代表性样本中的 38 种 PFAS 进行了生物监测。结果表明，虽然大多数接受测试的威斯康星州居民的血清中可检测到 PFAS 水平，但与全国代表性样本相比，他们体内某些 PFAS 的负荷可能较低。在威斯康星州和美国其他地区，与其他群体相比，老年人、男性和白人体内的 PFAS 负担可能更高。