Membranous nephropathy (MN), an autoimmune kidney disease and leading cause of nephrotic syndrome, leads to kidney failure in up to one-third of affected individuals. Most MN cases are due to an autoimmune reaction against the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) located on kidney podocytes. Serum PLA2R antibody quantification is now part of routine clinical practice because antibody titers correlate with disease activity and treatment response. Recent advances in target antigen detection have led to the discovery of more than 20 other podocyte antigens, yet the clinical impact of additional antigen detection remains unknown and is under active investigation. Here we review recent findings and hypothesize how current research will inform future care of patients with MN.

中文翻译：

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膜性肾病的新抗原和临床更新

膜性肾病 (MN) 是一种自身免疫性肾脏疾病，也是肾病综合征的主要原因，导致多达三分之一的患者出现肾衰竭。大多数 MN 病例是由于针对肾足细胞上的磷脂酶 A2 受体 (PLA2R) 的自身免疫反应所致。血清 PLA2R 抗体定量现已成为常规临床实践的一部分，因为抗体滴度与疾病活动性和治疗反应相关。目标抗原检测的最新进展导致发现了 20 多种其他足细胞抗原，但额外抗原检测的临床影响仍然未知，并且正在积极研究中。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究结果，并假设当前的研究将如何为 MN 患者的未来护理提供信息。