This article takes an actor-centered and bottom-up perspective to analyze how private companies shape public responses to migration in Europe. It builds on ethnographic research with top managers and civil servants involved in visa policy, asylum reception, and immigration detention. Drawing on organizational theories about decisions and change, I analyze empirical evidence to put forward processes of international migration governance that take account of private and public actors, the implementation stage of policy-making, the organizational and informal dynamics underpinning decisions and change within and across borders of polity, therefore adopting a transnational lens. I show three interrelated aspects: Personal contacts, informal interactions, and informal exchange that promote private companies' business while affecting change in the delivery of public policies; private companies' involvement in decision-making and their engagement in solution-driven processes of change; the diffusion of organizational responses to migration across national contexts, which contribute to transnational change.

中文翻译：

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私营公司如何应对欧洲移民？非正规性、组织决策和跨国变革

本文采用以参与者为中心、自下而上的视角来分析私营公司如何塑造公众对欧洲移民的反应。它建立在对涉及签证政策、庇护接待和移民拘留的高层管理人员和公务员的人种学研究的基础上。借鉴有关决策和变革的组织理论，我分析了经验证据，提出了国际移民治理流程，其中考虑了私人和公共行为者、政策制定的实施阶段、支持内部和跨领域决策和变革的组织和非正式动态。政治边界，因此采用跨国视角。我展示了三个相互关联的方面：个人接触、非正式互动、促进私营公司业务发展同时影响公共政策实施变化的非正式交流；私营公司参与决策以及参与解决方案驱动的变革过程；组织对移民的反应在不同国家范围内传播，这有助于跨国变革。