Wetting plays a crucial role in achieving efficient condensation in applications such as atmospheric water harvesting, air conditioning and refrigeration, and thermal power plants. Despite decades of research, the industrial implementation of dropwise condensation, which is often superior to filmwise condensation, has been limited, mostly due to the poor durability of promoter coatings and the challenge of achieving dropwise condensation for non-aqueous working fluids. Both areas have seen noteworthy advancements over the past few years, some of which we highlight in this review article. For example, recognizing that contact angle hysteresis, not contact angles per se, are responsible for enabling dropwise condensation, ultra-smooth liquid-like polymer coatings and lubricant-infused surfaces were developed for use with water and non-aqueous working fluids. There are also several new developments for passive and active droplet removal. Advances in coating durability include a better understanding in the failure mechanisms and physics-informed designs of new coating processes and chemistries.

在大气集水、空调和制冷以及火力发电厂等应用中，润湿对于实现高效冷凝起着至关重要的作用。尽管进行了数十年的研究，通常优于薄膜冷凝的滴状冷凝的工业实施仍然受到限制，这主要是由于促进剂涂层的耐久性差以及实现非水工作流体的滴状冷凝的挑战。在过去几年中，这两个领域都取得了显着的进步，我们在这篇评论文章中重点介绍了其中的一些进步。例如，认识到接触角滞后而不是接触角本身是导致滴状冷凝、超光滑液体状聚合物涂层的原因开发了注入润滑剂的表面，用于水和非水工作液。被动和主动液滴去除方面也有一些新的进展。涂层耐久性的进步包括更好地理解新涂层工艺和化学物质的失效机制和基于物理的设计。