Purpose

Consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) is a high-risk drinking practice. This systematic review examines how AmED use contributes to aggression (physical and sexual), in what role(s) (perpetrator and/or victim), in adolescents and young adult drinkers (age 25 and younger).

Methods

Computer assisted search identified 844 studies conducted prior to March 2023; of them 17 met inclusion criteria.

Results

AmED use was significantly associated with aggressive behaviors. Between-subject studies suggests that AmED consumers have higher rates of perpetration (physical fights, bullying) and victimization compared to peers who only drink alcohol; however, within-subject studies of AmED users find no difference in physical aggression by drinking event (AmED vs. occasions where consumer drinks alcohol only). Similarly, AmED use was a risk factor for sexually aggressive behaviors (e.g., unwanted contact) and victimization.

Conclusions

AmED use is a significant risk factor both victimization and perpetration of violent acts. Differences in within- versus between-study findings suggests that risk is associated with use of AmED, and not event level differences in drinking occasions among AmED users. Findings highlight the relative paucity of studies examining victimization and sexual violence and the need for future studies to incorporate more diverse samples and methodologies to better understand patterns of AmED use, perpetration, and victimization.

中文翻译：

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酒精与能量饮料混合与青少年和年轻人的攻击行为：系统评价

目的

饮用混合能量饮料 (AmED) 的酒精是一种高风险饮酒行为。本系统综述探讨了 AmED 的使用如何导致青少年和青年饮酒者（25 岁及以下）的攻击行为（身体和性行为）、扮演什么角色（施暴者和/或受害者）。

方法

计算机辅助搜索确定了 2023 年 3 月之前进行的 844 项研究；其中 17 人符合纳入标准。

结果

AmED 的使用与攻击行为显着相关。受试者间研究表明，与只喝酒的同龄人相比，AmED 消费者的犯罪率（肢体冲突、欺凌）和受害率更高；然而，AmED 使用者的受试者内研究发现，饮酒事件（AmED 与消费者仅饮酒的场合）造成的身体攻击行为没有差异。同样，使用 AmED 是性侵犯行为（例如，不必要的接触）和受害的危险因素。

结论

AmED 的使用是受害和实施暴力行为的一个重要风险因素。研究内与研究间结果的差异表明，风险与 AmED 的使用相关，而不是 AmED 使用者饮酒场合的事件水平差异。调查结果强调，有关受害和性暴力的研究相对较少，未来的研究需要纳入更多样化的样本和方法，以更好地了解 AmED 的使用、实施和受害模式。