Bird conservation depends on robust data on the densities of and threats to each species, and an understanding of the choices and incentives of bird hunters. This first comprehensive study of bird hunting and its effects in Madagascar uses 8 years of data on 87 bird species to determine bird densities and hunting pressure, incentives, choices, methods, spatial variation, and sustainability on the Masoala Peninsula of Madagascar. We find that bird hunting is common, affecting human wellbeing and, for some species, long-term population viability. Hunters caught more abundant species of lower trophic levels and consumers preferred the flavor of abundant granivores and nectarivores, while they disliked carnivores, scavengers, and species with common cultural proscriptions. Wealth increased species selectivity among consumers, whereas food insecurity increased hunting pressure overall. Projected and documented declines in at least three species are concerning, qualifying at least two for increased IUCN threatened species categories. We provide novel, data-driven assessments of hunting's threat to Madagascar's birds, identify key species of concern, and suggest both species- and consumer-specific conservation actions.

中文翻译：

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马达加斯加鸟类狩猎的驱动因素和可持续性

鸟类保护取决于有关每个物种的密度和威胁的可靠数据，以及对鸟类猎人的选择和动机的了解。这是马达加斯加鸟类狩猎及其影响的首次综合研究，使用 87 种鸟类 8 年的数据来确定马达加斯加马苏阿拉半岛的鸟类密度和狩猎压力、激励措施、选择、方法、空间变化和可持续性。我们发现鸟类狩猎很常见，影响人类福祉，对于某些物种来说，还影响长期种群生存能力。猎人捕获了更多丰富的低营养级物种，消费者更喜欢丰富的食谷动物和食蜜动物的味道，而不喜欢食肉动物、食腐动物和具有共同文化禁忌的物种。财富增加了消费者的物种选择性，而粮食不安全总体上增加了狩猎压力。预计和记录的至少三个物种的减少令人担忧，至少有两个物种属于增加的 IUCN 受威胁物种类别。我们针对狩猎对马达加斯加鸟类的威胁提供新颖的、数据驱动的评估，确定重点关注物种，并建议针对具体物种和消费者的保护行动。