Phenolipids such as hydroxytyrosol-SCFA acyl esters (HTy-SEs) and tyrosol-SCFA acyl esters (TYr-SEs) with various alkyl chains lengths (C1–C4) and different isomers (branched-chain and straight-chain) were successfully synthesized. All esters were hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase to produce polyphenols (HTy and TYr) and SCFAs (iso-butyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and n-butyric acid). Moreover, HTy-SEs (and TYr-SEs) could also be hydrolyzed to free HTy (and TYr) and SCFAs by gut microbiota and Lactobacillus from mice feces. Especially, the hydrolysis rates showed positive correlation with the carbon skeleton length, and the hydrolysis degree (DH) of ester with a branched-chain fatty acid was weaker than that of ester with a straight-chain fatty acid. Besides, the DH values of TYr -SEs were significantly higher than those of HTy-SEs. Therefore, through regulating the structures of polyphenols, carbon skeleton lengths, and isomers, controlled-release of polyphenols and SCFAs from phenolipids will be easily achieved.

中文翻译：

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羟基酪醇-SCFA 和酪醇-SCFA 酰酯的体外胃肠消化和微生物水解：SCFA 和多酚的控制释放

成功合成了具有不同烷基链长度（C1-C4）和不同异构体（支链和直链）的酚脂，例如羟基酪醇-SCFA酰基酯（HTy-SEs）和酪醇-SCFA酰基酯（TYr-SEs）。所有酯均被胰脂肪酶水解，产生多酚（HTy 和 TYr）和 SCFA（异丁酸、乙酸、丙酸和正丁酸）。此外，HTy-SE（和 TYr-SE）也可以被肠道微生物群和乳酸菌水解为游离 HTy（和 TYr）和 SCFA来自老鼠的粪便。特别是，水解速率与碳骨架长度呈正相关，且支链脂肪酸酯的水解度(DH)弱于直链脂肪酸酯。此外，TYr-SEs的DH值显着高于HTy-SEs。因此，通过调控多酚的结构、碳骨架长度和异构体，可以轻松实现酚脂中多酚和短链脂肪酸的控释。