Duguetia stelechantha (Diels) R.E.Fr., popularly known as “ata brava” in Brazil, belongs to the Annonaceae family. Biologically active monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes identified in this genus and family, comprising a source of new drugs against several conditions, including leishmaniasis. In this context, the aim of the present study was to extract and chemically characterize the essential oil (EO-DU) obtained from D. stelechantha for the first time. The potential antileishmanial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of an EO microemulsion (EO-ME) formulated with Tween 80 and Transcutol P surfactants were also evaluated. Duguetia stelechantha leaves were submitted to a hydrodistillation process and their chemical composition was determined by GC/MS. The major identified EO components were β-pinene (46.17 %), α-pinene (20.2 %), and spathulenol (6.68 %). A headspace characterization indicated major EO-DU compounds present in the prepared ME, confirming incorporation. The extracted EO was moderately active against Leishmania (L.) amazonensis promastigotes (IC₅₀ =138.3 µg/mL), while the EO-ME was determined as active, inhibiting these parasites at a lower concentration (IC₅₀ =4.47 µg/mL) compared to the EO-DU, indicating high selectivity against L. (L) amazonensis promastigotes. The major compound α-pinene was also tested, and presented IC₅₀ = 64.78 µg/mL, considering it active against the tested parasites. Considering that D. stelechantha is an abundant species in the Brazilian Legal Amazon and that the antileishmanial potential of the extracted EO was enhanced by EM incorporation, this assessment provides relevant perspectives for future studies focused on the bioeconomy.

Duguetia stelechantha (Diels) REFr.，在巴西俗称“ata brava”，属于番荔枝科。在该属和家族中发现的具有生物活性的单萜和倍半萜，包括针对多种疾病（包括利什曼病）的新药来源。在此背景下，本研究的目的是首次提取和化学表征从D. stelechantha获得的精油 (EO-DU) 。还评估了用吐温 80 和 Transcutol P 表面活性剂配制的 EO 微乳液 (EO-ME) 的潜在抗利什曼原虫活性和体外细胞毒性。斗刀木对叶子进行水蒸馏处理，并通过 GC/MS 测定其化学成分。鉴定出的主要 EO 成分是 β-蒎烯 (46.17%)、α-蒎烯 (20.2%) 和匙羹藤烯醇 (6.68%)。顶空表征表明制备的 ME 中存在主要的 EO-DU 化合物，确认掺入。提取的 EO 对利什曼原虫(L.) amazonensis promastigotes 具有适度活性 (IC ₅₀ =138.3 µg/mL)，而 EO-ME 被确定为具有活性，在较低浓度 (IC ₅₀ =4.47 µg/mL)下抑制这些寄生虫与 EO-DU 相比，表明对L. (L) amazonensis前鞭毛体具有高选择性。还测试了主要化合物 α-蒎烯，并呈现 IC ₅₀= 64.78 µg/mL，考虑到它对测试的寄生虫有活性。考虑到D. stelechantha是巴西合法亚马逊地区丰富的物种，并且提取的 EO 的抗动物潜力因 EM 掺入而增强，该评估为未来专注于生物经济的研究提供了相关观点。