Improvements in European air traffic management (ATM) constitute one of the key levers to reduce aviation emissions in the future to reach ambitious goals. In this paper, we evaluate the benefits of improved network-centric ATM with coordinated optimisation of capacity, delays, re-routings and emissions vs the present fragmented ATM which has generated high delays and extensive re-routing due to sub-optimal capacity provision. In addition, we analyse the impact on flight efficiency of a novel trajectory-independent airport-pair charging scheme, which makes shortest routes the cheapest for Airspace Users (AUs), which is not always the case with the current charging scheme in Europe. We test and evaluate proposed changes in ATM using a case study based on real data covering 3,000–4,000 flights in large parts of Western European airspace. We find that network-centric ATM can reduce variable costs borne by AUs by 21% and in particular re-routing cost (and associated emissions) by almost 64%. Furthermore, airport-pair charging can save almost 11% of costs for AUs and up to 320,000 tons of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions — if accompanied by adequate capacity changes that reflect the shift in demand towards shorter trajectories. We conclude that various stakeholder initiatives to reduce the fragmentation in European ATM and to move towards a more network-centric approach have merits and should be pursued by the policy makers.

欧洲空中交通管理 (ATM) 的改进是未来减少航空排放以实现宏伟目标的关键杠杆之一。在本文中，我们评估了改进的以网络为中心的 ATM 与容量、延迟、重新路由和排放的协调优化与目前碎片化的 ATM 的好处，后者由于次优的容量提供而产生了高延迟和广泛的重新路由。此外，我们分析了一种新颖的独立于轨迹的机场对收费方案对飞行效率的影响，该方案使最短路线对空域用户 (AU) 而言成本最低，而欧洲目前的收费方案并非总是如此。我们使用基于覆盖西欧大部分领空 3,000-4,000 次航班的真实数据的案例研究来测试和评估 ATM 的拟议变更。我们发现以网络为中心的 ATM 可以将 AU 承担的可变成本降低 21%，特别是将重新路由成本（和相关排放）降低近 64%。此外，机场对充电可为 AU 节省近 11% 的成本和高达 320,000 吨的${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_{\mathrm{2个}}$排放——如果伴随着足够的容量变化，反映需求向更短轨迹的转变。我们得出的结论是，旨在减少欧洲 ATM 的碎片化并转向更加以网络为中心的方法的各种利益相关者举措都有其优点，政策制定者应予以采纳。