The decline of pollinators is an urgent issue that has gained global attention and many initiatives have been implemented to promote conservation actions. However, interventions aimed at safeguarding pollinators can have ripple effects on multiple ecosystem services that are equally important for human well-being. In this work, we investigated whether environmental conditions favouring pollinators are positively associated with the provision of multiple ecosystem services across three different habitats. We selected 96 sites belonging to three habitat types with different roles in supporting pollinators, i.e., crop field margins, semi-natural patches, and urban green areas. We sampled wild pollinators and seven ecosystem services, which included provisioning, cultural, and regulatory services, using which we calculated two ecosystem multi-functionality metrics. Semi-natural patches and crop field margins exhibited both the highest diversity of pollinators and ecosystem multi-functionality, i.e., habitats that supported pollinators also delivered a higher number of environmental co-benefits. However, increasing habitat quality for pollinators did not result in increased multi-functionality, indicating that single ESs exhibited non-linear responses. Therefore, improving local conditions for wild pollinators did not enhance ecosystem multi-functionality, while specific habitat types have been shown to have the potential to improve pollinator diversity while generating multiple environmental co-benefits.

传粉媒介的减少是一个引起全球关注的紧迫问题，已经实施了许多举措来促进保护行动。然而，旨在保护授粉媒介的干预措施可能会对对人类福祉同样重要的多种生态系统服务产生连锁反应。在这项工作中，我们调查了有利于传粉媒介的环境条件是否与三个不同栖息地的多种生态系统服务的提供呈正相关。我们选择了属于三种栖息地类型的 96 个地点，它们在支持传粉媒介方面具有不同的作用，即、农田边缘、半自然斑块和城市绿地。我们对野生传粉者和七种生态系统服务进行了采样，其中包括供应、文化和监管服务，我们使用它们计算了两个生态系统多功能指标。半自然斑块和农田边缘表现出最高的授粉媒介多样性和生态系统多功能性，即, 支持传粉媒介的栖息地也带来了更多的环境协同效益。然而，传粉者栖息地质量的提高并没有导致多功能性的增加，这表明单个 ES 表现出非线性响应。因此，改善野生传粉媒介的当地条件并没有增强生态系统的多功能性，而特定的栖息地类型已被证明具有改善传粉媒介多样性的潜力，同时产生多种环境协同效益。