Tailoring water supply to achieve confined heating has proven to be an effective strategy for boosting solar interfacial evaporation rates. However, because of salt clogging during desalination, a critical point of constriction occurs when controlling the water rate for confined heating. In this study, we demonstrate a facile and scalable weaving technique for fabricating core–sheath photothermal yarns that facilitate controlled water supply for stable and efficient interfacial solar desalination. The core–sheath yarn comprises modal fibers as the core and carbon fibers as the sheaths. Because of the core–sheath design, remarkable liquid pumping can be enabled in the carbon fiber bundle of the dispersed super-hydrophilic modal fibers. Our woven fabrics absorb a high proportion (92%) of the electromagnetic radiation in the solar spectrum because of the weaving structure and the carbon fiber sheath. Under one-sun (1 kW·m⁻²) illumination, our woven fabric device can achieve the highest evaporation rate (of 2.12 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ with energy conversion efficiency: 93.7%) by regulating the number of core–sheath yarns. Practical application tests demonstrate that our device can maintain high and stable desalination performance in a 5 wt% NaCl solution.

事实证明，调整供水以实现有限加热是提高太阳能界面蒸发率的有效策略。然而，由于海水淡化过程中的盐堵塞，在控制有限加热的水流量时会出现收缩的临界点。在这项研究中，我们展示了一种用于制造芯鞘光热纱线的简便且可扩展的编织技术，该技术有助于控制供水，从而实现稳定和高效的界面太阳能海水淡化。芯鞘纱以莫代尔纤维为芯，碳纤维为鞘。由于芯鞘设计，分散的超亲水莫代尔纤维的碳纤维束可以实现显着的液体泵送。由于编织结构和碳纤维护套，我们的机织织物吸收了太阳光谱中大部分 (92%) 的电磁辐射。在一太阳（1 kW·m ⁻²）光照下，我们的织物装置通过调节芯数可以实现最高蒸发率（2.12 kg·m ⁻² ·h ⁻¹ ，能量转换效率：93.7%） – 皮纱。实际应用测试表明，我们的装置可以在5 wt% NaCl溶液中保持高且稳定的海水淡化性能。