Chemiresistive sensing has been regarded as the key monitoring technique, while classic oxide gas detection devices always need an external power supply. In contrast, the bulk photovoltage of photoferroelectric materials could provide a controllable power source, holding a bright future in self-powered gas sensing. Herein, we present a new photoferroelectric ([n-pentylaminium]₂[ethylammonium]₂Pb₃I₁₀, 1), which possesses large spontaneous polarization (∼4.8 μC/cm²) and prominent visible-photoactive behaviors. Emphatically, driven by the bulk photovoltaic effect, 1 enables excellent self-powered sensing responses for NO₂ at room temperature, including extremely fast response/recovery speeds (0.15/0.16 min) and high sensitivity (0.03 ppm^–1). Such figures of merit are superior to those of typical inorganic systems (e.g., ZnO) using an external power supply. Theoretical calculations and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy measurements confirm the great selectivity of 1 for NO₂. As far as we know, this is the first realization of ferroelectricity-driven self-powered gas detection. Our work sheds light on the self-powered sensing systems and provides a promising way to broaden the functionalities of photoferroelectrics.

中文翻译：

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可见光活性钙钛矿铁电驱动自供电气体检测

化学电阻传感已被视为关键的监测技术，而经典的氧化物气体检测设备始终需要外部电源。相比之下，光电铁电材料的体光电压可以提供可控电源，在自供电气体传感方面拥有光明的前景。在此，我们提出了一种新的光电铁电材料 ([ n -pentylaminium] ₂ [ethylammonium] ₂ Pb ₃ I ₁₀ , 1 )，它具有较大的自发极化 (∼4.8 μC/cm ² ) 和显着的可见光活性行为。重要的是，在体光伏效应的驱动下，1能够为 NO ₂提供出色的自供电传感响应在室温下，包括极快的响应/恢复速度（0.15/0.16 分钟）和高灵敏度（0.03 ppm ^–1）。这种品质因数优于使用外部电源的典型无机系统（例如 ZnO）。理论计算和原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱测量证实了1对 NO ₂的高选择性。据我们所知，这是铁电驱动的自供电气体检测的首次实现。我们的工作揭示了自供电传感系统，并提供了一种有前途的方法来扩展光电铁电体的功能。