This paper introduces three new concepts: epistemic health, epistemic immunity, and epistemic inoculation. Epistemic health is a measure of how well an entity (e.g. person, community, nation) is functioning with regard to various epistemic goods or ideals. It is constituted by many different factors (e.g. possessing true beliefs, being disposed to make reliable inferences), is improved or degraded by many different things (e.g. research funding, social trust), and many different kinds of inquiry are relevant to its study. Epistemic immunity is the robustness with which an entity is resistant to performing certain kinds of epistemic activity, such as questioning certain ideas, believing certain sources, or making certain inferences. Epistemic inoculation occurs when social, political or cultural processes cause an entity to become immune to engaging in certain epistemic activities. After outlining each of these concepts, we close by considering some of the risks associated with attempts to improve others’ epistemic health.

本文介绍了三个新概念：认知健康、认知免疫和认知接种。认知健康是衡量一个实体（例如个人、社区、国家）在各种认知商品或理想方面运作情况的指标。它由许多不同的因素构成（例如拥有真实的信念，愿意做出可靠的推论），由许多不同的因素（例如研究经费，社会信任）改善或降低，并且许多不同类型的探究与其研究相关。认知免疫是实体抵抗执行某些类型的认知活动的稳健性，例如质疑某些想法、相信某些来源或做出某些推论。当社会、政治或文化进程导致一个实体对参与某些认知活动免疫时，认知接种就会发生。在概述了每个概念之后，我们最后考虑了与尝试改善他人认知健康相关的一些风险。