Supercapacitor is an energy storage device with excellent performance which has been studied in recent years. Biomass-based porous carbon materials are widely used as electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their good pore structure and electrical conductivity. A unique nanoscale pompon with structured porous carbon as core was synthesized by a two-stage activation of H₃PO₄-K₂C₂O₄ combined with hydrothermal self-assembly in this research. Results showed that the specific surface area of the hierarchical porous carbon sample was up to 1608.1 m²/g with the mesoporous ratio of 54.26%. The self-doped Co-Ni elements were successfully entered into the channel of carbon core and then the self-assembled nano pompon epidermis was formed. Interleaving nanorods with unique characteristics as dispersion at the bottom and aggregation at the top were evenly grown on the surface of the pompon, forming a 3D network structure with a mass of cavities, which brought with excellent faradaic pseudocapacitance of electrode materials. The energy density and power density of the asymmetric supercapacitor assembled by nano pompom and porous carbon reach 30.4 Wh/kg and 1367.1 W/kg respectively.

超级电容器是近年来研究的一种性能优良的储能器件。生物质基多孔碳材料因其良好的孔结构和导电性而被广泛用作超级电容器的电极材料。_{在本研究中，通过 H 3} PO ₄ -K ₂ C ₂ O ₄的两步活化结合水热自组装，合成了一种独特的以结构多孔碳为核心的纳米级绒球。结果表明，分级多孔碳样品的比表面积高达1608.1 m ²/g，介孔率为54.26%。自掺杂的Co-Ni元素成功进入碳核通道，形成自组装的纳米绒球表皮。具有底部分散和顶部聚集的独特特性的交错纳米棒均匀地生长在绒球表面，形成具有大量空腔的三维网络结构，为电极材料带来了优异的法拉第赝电容。由纳米绒球和多孔碳组装而成的非对称超级电容器的能量密度和功率密度分别达到30.4 Wh/kg和1367.1 W/kg。