The cross-linguistic gender congruency effect (GCE; a facilitation on gender retrieval for translations of the same gender) is a robust phenomenon analysed almost exclusively with late bilinguals. However, it is important to ascertain whether it is modulated by age of acquisition (AoA) and language proficiency. We asked 64 early and late bilinguals of European Portuguese and German to do a forward and backward translation task. A measure of language balance was calculated through the DIALANG test. Analyses included this factor along with the gender congruency between translations, the target language, and the AoA of both languages, among others. Results showed a GCE for European Portuguese that was independent of the AoA and greater the higher the language imbalance. We propose that changes in proficiency in any of the languages create situations of dependency between them which allow cross-linguistic gender interaction to occur and effects to emerge depending on gender transparency.

跨语言性别一致性效应（GCE；对同性别翻译的性别检索的促进作用）是一个强有力的现象，几乎专门针对晚期双语者进行了分析。然而，重要的是要确定它是否受到习得年龄 (AoA) 和语言能力的调节。我们要求 64 名早期和晚期的欧洲葡萄牙语和德语双语者做正向和反向翻译任务。通过 DIALANG 测试计算语言平衡的衡量标准。分析包括这个因素以及翻译之间的性别一致性、目标语言和两种语言的 AoA 等。结果显示，欧洲葡萄牙语的 GCE 独立于 AoA，并且语言不平衡程度越高，GCE 就越大。我们建议，任何一种语言的熟练程度的变化都会在它们之间造成依赖的情况，从而允许跨语言的性别互动发生，并根据性别透明度产生影响。