Maternal and Fetal Cardiovascular Responses to Acute High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Exercise During Pregnancy: A Randomized Crossover Trial,Sports Medicine

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Maternal and Fetal Cardiovascular Responses to Acute High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Exercise During Pregnancy: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Sports Medicine ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01858-5
Jenna B Wowdzia ₁ , Tom J Hazell ₂ , Emily R Vanden Berg ₁ , Lawrence Labrecque _{3,

4} , Patrice Brassard _{3,

4} , Margie H Davenport ₁

Affiliation

Objective

We aimed to compare maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) during pregnancy.

Methods

Fifteen women with a singleton pregnancy (27.3 ± 3.5 weeks of gestation, 33 ± 4 years of age) were recruited. Following a peak fitness test, participants engaged in a session of HIIT (10 × 1-min intervals ≥ 90% maximum heart rate [HR_max]) interspersed with 1 min of active recovery) and MICT (30 min at 64–76% HR_max) 48 h apart in random order. Maternal HR, blood pressure, middle (MCAv), and posterior cerebral artery blood velocity (PCAv), as well as respiratory measures were monitored continuously throughout HIIT/MICT. Fetal heart rate, as well as umbilical systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were assessed immediately before and after exercise.

Results

Average maternal heart rate was higher for HIIT (82 ± 5% HR_max) compared with MICT (74 ± 4% HR_max; p < 0.001). During the HIIT session, participants achieved a peak heart rate of 96 ± 5% HR_max (range of 87–105% HR_max). Maternal cerebral blood velocities increased with exercise but was not different between HIIT and MICT for MCAv (p = 0.340) and PCAv (p = 0.142). Fetal heart rate increased during exercise (p = 0.244) but was not different between sessions (HIIT: Δ + 14 ± 7 bpm; MICT: Δ + 10 ± 10 bpm). Metrics of umbilical blood flow decreased with exercise and were not different between exercise sessions (PI: p = 0.707; S/D ratio: p = 0.671; RI: p = 0.792). Fetal bradycardia was not observed, and S/D ratio, RI, and PI remained within normal ranges both before and immediately after all exercise sessions.

Conclusions

An acute bout of HIIT exercise consisting of repeated 1-min near-maximal to maximal exertions, as well as MICT exercise is well tolerated by both mother and fetus.

Clinical Trial Registration

NCT05369247.

中文翻译：

妊娠期间母体和胎儿对急性高强度间歇训练和中等强度连续训练的心血管反应：随机交叉试验

客观的

我们的目的是比较孕期急性高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与中等强度持续训练（MICT）对母体和胎儿心血管的反应。

方法

招募了 15 名单胎妊娠女性（妊娠 27.3 ± 3.5 周，33 ± 4 岁）。峰值体能测试后，参与者进行 HIIT 训练（10 × 1 分钟间隔 ≥ 90% 最大心率 [HR _max ]），中间穿插 1 分钟主动恢复）和 MICT（30 分钟，64-76% HR）_max ) 48 小时，按随机顺序排列。在整个 HIIT/MICT 过程中，持续监测产妇心率、血压、中动脉血流速度 (MCA v ) 和大脑后动脉血流速度 (PCA v ) 以及呼吸测量。在运动前后立即评估胎儿心率、脐部收缩/舒张（S/D）比、阻力指数（RI）和搏动指数（PI）。

结果

与 MICT（74 ± 4% HR max；p < 0.001）相比，_HIIT的产妇平均心率（82 ± 5% HR max）较高_。在 HIIT 训练期间，参与者的峰值心率达到 96 ± 5% HR _max（范围为 87–105% HR _max）。母亲的脑血流速度随着运动而增加，但 HIIT 和 MICT 之间的 MCA v ( p = 0.340) 和 PCA v ( p = 0.142)没有差异。运动期间胎心率增加 ( p = 0.244)，但不同训练期间没有差异（HIIT：Δ + 14 ± 7 bpm；MICT：Δ + 10 ± 10 bpm）。脐血流量指标随着运动而减少，并且在运动期间没有差异（PI：p = 0.707；S/D 比：p = 0.671；RI：p = 0.792）。未观察到胎儿心动过缓，并且在所有运动之前和之后立即，S/D 比、RI 和 PI 均保持在正常范围内。