OBJECTIVE As part of a larger community-based, service-driven research project, the primary purpose of this pilot randomized study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering time-limited adaptations of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) and child-parent psychotherapy (CPP) within a sample of children experiencing homelessness. The secondary goal was to examine the promise of both interventions in improving parent/child outcomes. METHOD One hundred forty-four young children (18 month-5 years old; Mage = 3.48, SD = 1.09; 43.1% female; 78.5% Black/African American; 27.1% Hispanic) and their mothers were recruited from a women's homeless shelter and randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either PCIT or CPP delivered by shelter clinicians on-site. Attendance, fidelity, and program satisfaction were obtained. Families completed pre- and postintervention assessments, including observational data on maternal verbalizations during a child-led play session. RESULTS Both time-limited PCIT and time-limited CPP were successfully implemented with similarly high levels of intervention fidelity (>90%) and satisfaction by mothers (85%). Completion rates were similar across both time-limited PCIT (76.6%) and time-limited CPP (71.4%). Both time-limited CPP and PCIT resulted in decreases in children's posttraumatic stress, parental stress, and increases in maternal positive verbalizations. Only time-limited PCIT resulted in significant improvements in externalizing behavior problems in children and reductions in maternal negative verbalizations. CONCLUSIONS Time-limited PCIT and CPP are acceptable, feasible, and hold significant promise for helping families within a homeless shelter environment and by extension, other transitional and/or shelter environments. A full randomized trial is warranted to determine which program may offer a more effective intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对无家可归家庭的早期干预：一项比较两个育儿计划的随机试点试验。

目标 作为一个更大的以社区为基础、以服务为导向的研究项目的一部分，这项试验性随机研究的主要目的是检验提供限时适应性亲子互动疗法 (PCIT) 和亲子互动疗法的可行性和可接受性。无家可归儿童样本中的心理治疗 (CPP)。次要目标是检查两种干预措施在改善父母/儿童结果方面的前景。方法 144 名幼儿（18 个月至 5 岁；Mage = 3.48，SD = 1.09；43.1% 为女性；78.5% 为黑人/非裔美国人；27.1% 为西班牙裔）及其母亲从妇女无家可归者收容所招募，随机分配到 12 周的 PCIT 或 CPP，由现场的庇护所临床医生提供。获得了出勤率、忠诚度和计划满意度。家庭完成了干预前和干预后的评估，包括在儿童主导的游戏环节中母亲语言表达的观察数据。结果 限时 PCIT 和限时 CPP 均成功实施，干预保真度 (>90%) 和母亲满意度 (85%) 都同样高。限时 PCIT (76.6%) 和限时 CPP (71.4%) 的完成率相似。限时 CPP 和 PCIT 都导致儿童的创伤后压力、父母压力减少，并增加母亲积极的言语表达。只有限时的 PCIT 才能显着改善儿童的外化行为问题，并减少母亲的负面言语。结论 限时 PCIT 和 CPP 是可以接受的、可行的、并为帮助无家可归者收容所环境中的家庭以及其他过渡和/或收容所环境中的家庭带来重大希望。需要进行完整的随机试验以确定哪个项目可以提供更有效的干预。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。