Mineral oil is the most frequent insulating liquid used in oil-immersed transformers for electrical insulation and heat dissipation. However, oil-based nanofluids are becoming more popular in scientific research as they have proved to have better dielectric and thermal characteristics. When applying these nanofluids into actual transformers, they would be exposed to thermal and electrical stresses. Thus, The aim of the authors is to investigate the generation pattern of dissolved gases in nanofluids under thermal and electrical faults and to assess the applicability of traditional Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) techniques if oil-based nanofluids are used in transformers. Oil-based nanofluid samples were prepared using a magnetic stirrer and an ultrasonic homogeniser and then subjected to simulated thermal and electrical faults in the laboratory using properly sealed test cells. Three types of metal oxides, Silicon dioxide, Titanium dioxide, and Aluminium oxide nanoparticles, have been used to prepare nanofluids with 0.02 g/L and 0.04 g/L concentrations. The gases released and dissolved into oil due to the simulated faults were analysed and compared to traditional mineral oil as a benchmark. The dielectric dissipation factor was obtained and analysed for all samples. According to the findings, the presence and concentration of nanoparticles were shown to influence the amount of gases produced. As a result, this research is crucial in guaranteeing that traditional DGA techniques can be employed in transformers that use oil-based nanofluids.

中文翻译：

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热电故障下矿物油基纳米流体的溶解气体分析和损耗因数测量

矿物油是油浸式变压器中最常用的绝缘液体，用于电气绝缘和散热。然而，油基纳米流体在科学研究中越来越受欢迎，因为它们已被证明具有更好的介电和热特性。当将这些纳米流体应用到实际的变压器中时，它们会受到热应力和电应力的影响。因此，作者的目的是研究热电故障下纳米流体中溶解气体的生成模式，并评估传统溶解气体分析 (DGA) 技术在变压器中使用油基纳米流体时的适用性。使用磁力搅拌器和超声波均质器制备油基纳米流体样品，然后使用正确密封的测试单元在实验室中模拟热和电故障。二氧化硅、二氧化钛和氧化铝纳米颗粒三种类型的金属氧化物已被用来制备浓度为0.02 g/L和0.04 g/L的纳米流体。对模拟故障释放并溶解到油中的气体进行了分析，并与传统矿物油作为基准进行比较。获得并分析了所有样品的介电损耗因数。根据研究结果，纳米颗粒的存在和浓度会影响产生的气体量。因此，