This study examined how single and multiple types of maltreatment allegations differed for young people with child protective services (CPS) only and dual system (i.e., CPS and juvenile delinquency court petition) involvement by gender and race and ethnicity. Allegation types were documented for young people with CPS only or dual system involvement using linked CPS and Probation records for Los Angeles County for a cohort of children born between 1998 and 2001 with a history of at least one CPS maltreatment investigation between birth and age 18. The CPS only and dual system groups were compared using chi-square tests, and a generalized linear model was constructed to assess the relationship between key variables and dual system involvement. Two thirds of young people with dual system involvement (68.2%) experienced two or more allegation types, compared with less than half of young people with CPS involvement only (46.0%). More than three quarters of girls (77.1%) and Black young people (75.3%) with dual system involvement experienced multiple types of maltreatment. 11% of young people with only CPS involvement experienced sexual abuse with another maltreatment type, compared to 22.7% of young people with dual system involvement and 38.6% of girls with dual system involvement.The findings highlight the complex CPS histories of young people with dual system involvement, especially among girls and Black young people. These findings should facilitate discussion of gender-responsive services for young people with traumatic sexual experiences, given the frequency of sexual abuse allegations among girls with dual system involvement.

本研究探讨了对于仅接受儿童保护服务 (CPS) 和双重系统（即 CPS 和青少年犯罪法庭请愿书）参与的青少年，单一类型和多种类型的虐待指控在性别、种族和民族方面有何不同。使用洛杉矶县关联的 CPS 和缓刑记录记录了仅 CPS 或双系统参与的年轻人的指控类型，这些记录针对 1998 年至 2001 年出生的一组儿童，在出生至 18 岁之间至少有一次 CPS 虐待调查史。使用卡方检验比较仅 CPS 组和双系统组，并构建广义线性模型来评估关键变量与双系统参与之间的关系。三分之二参与双系统的年轻人 (68.2%) 经历过两种或多种指控类型，而仅参与 CPS 的年轻人 (46.0%) 则不到一半。超过四分之三的参与双重制度的女孩（77.1%）和黑人年轻人（75.3%）经历过多种类型的虐待。仅有 CPS 参与的年轻人中有 11% 经历过另一种虐待类型的性虐待，而参与双系统的年轻人和参与双系统的女孩的比例分别为 22.7% 和 38.6%。研究结果强调了双系统年轻人复杂的 CPS 历史。系统参与，特别是女孩和黑人年轻人。鉴于参与双重制度的女孩中性虐待指控的频率，这些发现应有助于讨论为有创伤性经历的年轻人提供促进性别平等的服务。