Abstract

In the therapy of placenta-originated diseases during pregnancy, the main challenges are fetal exposure to drugs, which can pass through the placenta and cause safety concerns for fetal development. The design of placenta-resident drug delivery system is an advantageous method to minimize fetal exposure as well as reduce adverse maternal off-target effects. By utilizing the placenta as a biological barrier, the placenta-resident nanodrugs could be trapped in the local placenta to concentrate on the treatment of this abnormal originated tissue. Therefore, the success of such systems largely depends on the placental retention capacity. This paper expounds on the transport mechanism of nanodrugs in the placenta, analyzes the factors that affect the placental retention of nanodrugs, and summarizes the advantages and concerns of current nanoplatforms in the treatment of placenta-originated diseases. In general, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of placenta-resident drug delivery systems, which will potentially enable safe and efficient clinical treatment for placenta-originated diseases in the future.

摘要

在妊娠期间胎盘源性疾病的治疗中，主要挑战是胎儿接触药物，这些药物可以通过胎盘并引起胎儿发育的安全问题。胎盘驻留给药系统的设计是一种有利的方法，可以最大限度地减少胎儿暴露并减少母体的不良脱靶效应。通过利用胎盘作为生物屏障，胎盘驻留的纳米药物可以被困在局部胎盘中，集中治疗这种异常起源的组织。因此，此类系统的成功在很大程度上取决于胎盘保留能力。本文阐述了纳米药物在胎盘中的转运机制，分析了影响纳米药物胎盘滞留的因素，并总结了目前纳米平台在治疗胎盘源性疾病方面的优势和关注点。总的来说，本综述旨在为胎盘驻留药物递送系统的构建提供理论基础，这将有可能在未来对胎盘源性疾病进行安全有效的临床治疗。