Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis is based on invasive and expensive biomarkers. Regarding AD pathophysiological mechanisms, there is evidence of a link between AD and aberrant lipid homeostasis. Alterations in lipid composition have been observed in blood and brain samples, and transgenic mouse models represent a promising approach. Nevertheless, there is great variability among studies in mice for the determination of different types of lipids in targeted and untargeted methods. It could be explained by the different variables (model, age, sex, analytical technique), and experimental conditions used.

The aim of this work is to review the studies on lipid alteration in brain tissue and blood samples from AD mouse models, focusing on different experimental parameters. As result, great disparity has been observed among the reviewed studies. Brain studies showed an increase in gangliosides, sphingomyelins, lysophospholipids and monounsaturated fatty acids and a decrease in sulfatides. In contrast, blood studies showed an increase in phosphoglycerides, sterols, diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a decrease in phospholipids, lysophospholipids and monounsaturated fatty acids. Thus, lipids are closely related to AD, and a consensus on lipidomics studies could be used as a diagnostic tool and providing insight into the mechanisms involved in AD.

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 诊断基于侵入性和昂贵的生物标志物。关于 AD 病理生理机制，有证据表明 AD 与异常脂质体内平衡之间存在联系。在血液和脑样本中观察到脂质成分的改变，转基因小鼠模型代表了一种有前途的方法。然而，在针对小鼠的靶向和非靶向方法中测定不同类型脂质的研究中存在很大差异。这可以用不同的变量（模型、年龄、性别、分析技术）和使用的实验条件来解释。

这项工作的目的是回顾 AD 小鼠模型脑组织和血液样本中脂质变化的研究，重点关注不同的实验参数。结果，在审查的研究中观察到巨大的差异。大脑研究显示神经节苷脂、鞘磷脂、溶血磷脂和单不饱和脂肪酸增加，硫苷脂减少。相反，血液研究显示磷酸甘油酯、甾醇、二酰甘油、三酰甘油和多不饱和脂肪酸增加，而磷脂、溶血磷脂和单不饱和脂肪酸减少。因此，脂质与 AD 密切相关，关于脂质组学研究的共识可以用作诊断工具，并提供对 AD 所涉及机制的深入了解。