ABSTRACT

Conventional wastewater treatment plants do not currently remove all organic compounds, including some emerging pollutants. This has prompted several efforts to develop new methods and materials—or to improve existing ones—to remove such pollutants. The technologies studied to remove contaminants from water include photochemical processes in which the photons activate a material to produce radicals, which go on to initiate a series of reactions that result in oxidation of the pollutant. Several photocatalysts and catalyst supports have been used; these include clays and pillared interlayered clays (PILC), which have shown interesting results in the photodegradation of several organic contaminants. In this review, we describe the studies that have used both clays and PILC for the photodegradation of organic compounds in aqueous solutions. The results reported are summarized and compared, thus confirming that the findings support the use of these systems as photocatalysts and that they are successful and promising materials for the removal of several organic compounds. In this aspect, new synthesis procedures for PILC materials can be proposed from Heterostructures and MOF based on clays.

摘要

传统的废水处理厂目前无法去除所有有机化合物，包括一些新出现的污染物。这促使人们努力开发新的方法和材料——或改进现有的方法和材料——以去除这些污染物。为去除水中的污染物而研究的技术包括光化学过程，在该过程中，光子激活材料产生自由基，自由基继续引发一系列反应，导致污染物氧化。已经使用了几种光催化剂和催化剂载体；这些包括粘土和柱状夹层粘土（PILC），它们在几种有机污染物的光降解中显示出有趣的结果。在这篇综述中，我们描述了使用粘土和 PILC 对水溶液中有机化合物进行光降解的研究。对报告的结果进行了总结和比较，从而证实了这些发现支持将这些系统用作光催化剂，并且它们是用于去除多种有机化合物的成功且有前途的材料。在这方面，可以从基于粘土的异质结构和 MOF 中提出 PILC 材料的新合成程序。