Autophagy plays a complex role in several cancer types, including endocrine-dependent cancers, by fueling cellular metabolism and clearing damaged substrates. This conserved recycling process has a dual function across tumor types where it can be tumor suppressive at early stages but tumor promotional in established disease. This review highlights the controversial roles of autophagy in endocrine-dependent tumors regarding cancer initiation, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and treatment response. We summarize clinical trial results thus far and highlight the need for additional mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical studies in endocrine-dependent tumors, particularly in breast cancer and prostate cancer.

中文翻译：

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自噬在内分泌依赖性肿瘤中作用的最新进展。

自噬通过促进细胞代谢和清除受损的底物，在多种癌症类型中发挥着复杂的作用，包括内分泌依赖性癌症。这种保守的回收过程在肿瘤类型中具有双重功能，它可以在早期阶段抑制肿瘤，但在已形成的疾病中促进肿瘤。这篇综述强调了自噬在内分泌依赖性肿瘤中在癌症发生、肿瘤发生、转移和治疗反应方面的有争议的作用。我们总结了迄今为止的临床试验结果，并强调需要对内分泌依赖性肿瘤，特别是乳腺癌和前列腺癌进行额外的机制、临床前和临床研究。