Heterogeneity in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is increasingly being recognized as one of the principal barriers to finding efficacious targeted therapies. The advent of multiple high-throughput biological data (“omics”), coupled with the widespread access to increased computational power, has led to the emergence of phenotyping in critical care. Phenotyping aims to use a multitude of data to identify homogenous subgroups within an otherwise heterogenous population. Increasingly, phenotyping schemas are being applied to sepsis and ARDS to increase understanding of these clinical conditions and identify potential therapies. Here we present a selective review of the biological phenotyping schemas applied to sepsis and ARDS. Further, we outline some of the challenges involved in translating these conceptual findings to bedside clinical decision-making tools.

中文翻译：

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脓毒症和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的生物表型

脓毒症和急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的异质性越来越被认为是寻找有效靶向治疗的主要障碍之一。多种高通量生物数据（“组学”）的出现，加上计算能力的提高，导致了重症监护中表型分析的出现。表型分析旨在使用大量数据来识别异质群体中的同质亚组。表型分析模式越来越多地应用于脓毒症和急性呼吸窘迫综合征，以增进对这些临床状况的了解并确定潜在的治疗方法。在这里，我们对应用于脓毒症和 ARDS 的生物表型模式进行了选择性回顾。此外，我们概述了将这些概念性发现转化为临床决策工具所涉及的一些挑战。