Rotation with thermally induced buoyancy governs many astrophysical and geophysical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, sun, and Earth's liquid-metal outer core. Rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RRBC) is an experimental system that has features of rotation and buoyancy, where a container of height H and temperature difference Δ between its bottom and top is rotated about its vertical axis with angular velocity Ω. The strength of buoyancy is reflected in the Rayleigh number (∼ H3Δ) and that of the Coriolis force in the Ekman and Rossby numbers (∼Ω−1). Rotation suppresses the convective onset, introduces instabilities, changes the velocity boundary layers, modifies the shape of thermal structures from plumes to vortical columns, affects the large-scale circulation, and can decrease or enhance global heat transport depending on buoyant and Coriolis forcing. RRBC is an extremely rich system, with features directly comparable to geophysical and astrophysical phenomena. Here we review RRBC studies, suggest a unifying heat transport scaling approach for the transition between rotation-dominated and buoyancy-dominated regimes in RRBC, and discuss non-Oberbeck–Boussinesq and centrifugal effects.

中文翻译：

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湍流旋转瑞利-贝纳德对流

热感应浮力的旋转控制着大气、海洋、太阳和地球液态金属外核中的许多天体物理和地球物理过程。旋转瑞利-贝纳德对流（RRBC）是一个具有旋转和浮力特性的实验系统，其中高度为H且底部和顶部温差为Δ的容器绕其垂直轴以角速度Ω旋转。浮力的强弱体现在瑞利数（∼ H3Δ) 以及埃克曼数和罗斯比数中的科里奥利力 (∼Ω−1）。旋转抑制对流开始，引入不稳定性，改变速度边界层，改变热结构的形状，从羽流到涡柱，影响大尺度环流，并且可以根据浮力和科里奥利强迫减少或增强全局热传输。 RRBC 是一个极其丰富的系统，其特征可直接与地球物理和天体物理现象相媲美。在这里，我们回顾了 RRBC 研究，提出了一种统一的热传输缩放方法，用于 RRBC 中旋转主导和浮力主导状态之间的过渡，并讨论非 Oberbeck-Boussinesq 效应和离心效应。