OBJECTIVES We tested the effect of true and fabricated baseline statements from the same sender on veracity judgments. HYPOTHESES We predicted that presenting a combination of true and fabricated baseline statements would improve truth and lie detection accuracy, while presenting a true baseline would improve only truth detection, and presenting a fabricated baseline would only improve lie detection compared with presenting no baseline statement. METHOD In a 4 × 2 within-subjects design, 142 student participants (Mage = 23.47 years; 118 female) read no baseline statement, a true baseline statement, a fabricated baseline statement, and a combination of a true and a fabricated baseline statement from 29 different senders. Participants then rated the veracity of a true or fabricated target statement from the same 29 senders. RESULTS Logistic mixed-effects models with senders and participants as random effects showed no significant differences in overall veracity judgment accuracy between the no-baseline (51%) and either the true-baseline (44%) or the fabricated-baseline (49%) conditions. Equivalence tests failed to show the predicted equivalence of these accuracy rates. Separate analyses of truth and lie detection rates confirmed the assumed improvement of lie detection in the combination-of-true-and-fabricated-baseline condition (accuracy = 39%-61%). No other truth or lie detection rate changed significantly except that, unexpectedly, a true baseline reduced truth detection accuracy (64%-49%). CONCLUSIONS Baseline statements largely did not affect judgment accuracy and, in the case of true baselines, even had a negative impact on truth detection. The rather small positive effect of two baseline statements on lie detection suggests an avenue for further research, especially with expert raters. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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只有真实的和捏造的基线陈述相结合可能会改善谎言，但不是真实的检测。

目标 我们测试了来自同一发件人的真实和捏造的基线陈述对真实性判断的影响。假设我们预测，呈现真实和虚构的基线陈述的组合将提高真相和谎言检测的准确性，而呈现真实的基线只会提高真实的检测，而呈现虚假的基线与不呈现基线陈述相比只会提高谎言检测。方法 在 4 × 2 的受试者内设计中，142 名学生参与者（法师 = 23.47 岁；118 名女性）阅读无基线陈述、真实基线陈述、虚构基线陈述以及真实和虚构基线陈述的组合29 个不同的发件人。然后，参与者对来自相同 29 位发件人的真实或捏造的目标陈述的真实性进行评分。结果 以发送者和参与者为随机效应的逻辑混合效应模型显示，无基线（51%）与真实基线（44%）或虚构基线（49%）之间的整体真实性判断准确性没有显着差异条件。等效性测试未能显示这些准确率的预测等效性。对真实和谎言检测率的单独分析证实了假设在真实和虚构基线条件下的谎言检测改进（准确度 = 39%-61%）。没有其他真相或谎言检测率发生显着变化，只是出乎意料的是，真实基线降低了真相检测准确度（64%-49%）。结论 基线陈述在很大程度上不影响判断的准确性，在真实基线的情况下，甚至对真相检测产生负面影响。两个基线陈述对测谎的相当小的积极影响表明了进一步研究的途径，特别是与专家评估者。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。