Bony fishes are the principal group of backboned animals in contemporary aquatic settings. Extant species are the focus of a vigorous program of macroevolutionary research, but paleontology offers important perspectives. Multiple fossil records bear on the evolution of bony fishes, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Understanding of the interrelationships among living bony fishes has improved substantially in recent years, but confidence in the phylogenetic placement of fossils is highly variable. This reflects limitations in current understanding of both fossil anatomy and hard-tissue characters for extant clades. Patterns of taxonomic and morphological diversity over bony fish history remain incompletely known, with most studies restricted to particular clades or specific intervals of time. The wealth of anatomical data recorded by the fossil record could make an important addition to a growing body of work examining phenotypic evolution across living species, but incorporating this information requires the placement of fossils within phylogenetic trees.

中文翻译：

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硬骨鱼的宏观进化史：古生物学观点

硬骨鱼是当代水生环境中主要的脊椎动物群。现存物种是宏观进化研究的重点，但古生物学提供了重要的视角。多种化石记录都与硬骨鱼的进化有关，每种记录都有自己的优点和缺点。近年来，人们对现存硬骨鱼之间相互关系的了解有了很大的提高，但对化石系统发育位置的信心却变化很大。这反映了目前对现存进化枝的化石解剖学和硬组织特征的理解的局限性。硬骨鱼历史上的分类学和形态多样性模式仍然不完全清楚，大多数研究仅限于特定的分支或特定的时间间隔。化石记录记录的大量解剖数据可以为越来越多的研究活物种表型进化的工作提供重要补充，但整合这些信息需要将化石放置在系统发育树中。