Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural biopolymer metabolized by Gram-negative bacteria strains in carbon- and nitrogen-rich media. Due to its natural purity, biodegradability, biocompatibility and outstanding mechanical properties, it is considered to be an exceptional biomaterial with versatile scientific and commercial applications. The current review presents data concerning the assembly, structural properties and mechanical behavior of specific biosystems based on bacteria-produced cellulose and polysaccharides derived from plant cell walls. Bacterial cellulose, hemicellulose, their binary composites and ternary composites with pectin are described with respect to the mechanical properties of the obtained materials. The properties of one-component and composite films are discussed with respect to the type of polysaccharides used, their origin and applied pretreatments, as well as various methodological approaches to bacterial cellulose synthesis. This work is focused entirely on the relationship between production methods and composition, and the resulting properties of the obtained materials, it constitutes a universal source of knowledge for specialists from various fields of science and industry.

摘要

细菌纤维素 (BC) 是一种天然生物聚合物，在富含碳和氮的培养基中被革兰氏阴性菌代谢。由于其天然纯度、可生物降解性、生物相容性和出色的机械性能，它被认为是一种具有多种科学和商业应用的特殊生物材料。当前的综述提供了有关基于细菌产生的纤维素和植物细胞壁多糖的特定生物系统的组装、结构特性和机械行为的数据。细菌纤维素、半纤维素、它们与果胶的二元复合物和三元复合物就所得材料的机械性能进行了描述。单组分薄膜和复合薄膜的特性根据所用多糖的类型进行了讨论，它们的起源和应用的预处理，以及细菌纤维素合成的各种方法学方法。这项工作完全集中在生产方法和成分之间的关​​系，以及所获得材料的最终特性，它构成了来自科学和工业各个领域的专家的普遍知识来源。