Migration is an essential cellular process that regulates human organ development and homeostasis as well as disease initiation and progression. In cancer, immune and tumor cell migration is strongly associated with immune cell infiltration, immune escape, and tumor cell metastasis, which ultimately account for more than 90% of cancer deaths. The biophysics and molecular regulation of the migration of cancer and immune cells have been extensively studied separately. However, accumulating evidence indicates that, in the tumor microenvironment, the motilities of immune and cancer cells are highly interdependent via secreted factors such as cytokines and chemokines. Tumor and immune cells constantly express these soluble factors, which produce a tightly intertwined regulatory network for these cells’ respective migration. A mechanistic understanding of the reciprocal regulation of soluble factor–mediated cell migration can provide critical information for the development of new biomarkers of tumor progression and of tumor response to immuno-oncological treatments. We review the biophysical andbiomolecular basis for the migration of immune and tumor cells and their associated reciprocal regulatory network. We also describe ongoing attempts to translate this knowledge into the clinic.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤-免疫区室交叉点的细胞贩运

迁移是调节人体器官发育和稳态以及疾病发生和进展的重要细胞过程。在癌症中，免疫和肿瘤细胞迁移与免疫细胞浸润、免疫逃逸和肿瘤细胞转移密切相关，最终导致90%以上的癌症死亡。癌症和免疫细胞迁移的生物物理学和分子调控已分别进行了广泛的研究。然而，越来越多的证据表明，在肿瘤微环境中，免疫细胞和癌细胞的运动通过细胞因子和趋化因子等分泌因子高度相互依赖。肿瘤和免疫细胞不断表达这些可溶性因子，从而为这些细胞各自的迁移产生紧密交织的调节网络。对可溶性因子介导的细胞迁移的相互调节的机制理解可以为肿瘤进展和肿瘤对免疫肿瘤治疗的反应的新生物标志物的开发提供关键信息。我们回顾了免疫细胞和肿瘤细胞迁移的生物物理和生物分子基础及其相关的相互调节网络。我们还描述了将这些知识转化为临床的持续尝试。