Scientific studies on the genetic proximity of Jews undertake to shed light on "who or what Jews really are". However, various scientists and scholars have warned that such studies reify racial thinking. This essay delineates and contextualizes the debate held between various geneticists and social scientists on the danger of reification within the Jewish context. This is mainly a debate about the impact of (traditional, religious, and Zionist) narratives on scientific research as well as on the ethical responsibility of scientists. The paper claims that such genetic studies test Jewish religious narratives against genetic research results and do not necessarily enforce old notions of distinctiveness.

中文翻译：

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什么是犹太人：质疑基因研究和种族具体化。

对犹太人基因相似性的科学研究致力于揭示“犹太人到底是谁或是什么”。然而，许多科学家和学者警告说，此类研究具体化了种族思维。本文描述了不同遗传学家和社会科学家之间关于犹太背景下物化危险的争论，并对其进行了背景分析。这主要是关于（传统、宗教和犹太复国主义）叙事对科学研究以及科学家的道德责任的影响的争论。该论文声称，此类基因研究是根据基因研究结果来测试犹太宗教叙事，并不一定会强制执行古老的独特性概念。