ABSTRACT

Silicon carbide (SiC) or carborundum has unparalleled thermal stability and conductivity compared with many other materials. This feature together with its unique photoelectrical properties (tunable band gap: 2.39–3.33 eV), low thermal expansion, high strength, and good chemical and thermal stability makes it an ideal inert solid in catalysis. The evolution of methods for synthesizing SiC has also progressively endowed it with additional features at the multiscale. This review tracks the development of SiC from a secondary to a leading role material in catalysis. First, the intrinsic properties of SiC are discussed and compared with other state-of-the-art catalytic materials. The synthetic methods are systematically reviewed and compared. Then, the applications of SiC in catalysis are assessed, paying particular attention to those that involve C₁ chemistry (Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis and the valorization of CO₂ and CH₄), photocatalysis and biomass conversion. Finally, the potential future applications of SiC are also addressed and discussed.

摘要

与许多其他材料相比，碳化硅 (SiC) 或碳化硅具有无与伦比的热稳定性和导电性。这一特性及其独特的光电特性（可调带隙：2.39-3.33 eV）、低热膨胀、高强度以及良好的化学和热稳定性使其成为理想的催化惰性固体。合成 SiC 方法的发展也逐渐赋予它多尺度的额外特征。这篇综述追踪了 SiC 在催化中从次要材料到主要材料的发展历程。首先，讨论了 SiC 的固有特性，并将其与其他最先进的催化材料进行了比较。系统地回顾和比较了合成方法。然后，评估了 SiC 在催化中的应用，特别关注那些涉及 C₁化学（费托合成和 CO ₂和 CH ₄的增值）、光催化和生物质转化。最后，还讨论了 SiC 的潜在未来应用。