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Spatiotemporal model of cellular mechanotransduction via Rho and YAP
Integrative Biology ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-17 , DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyab012
Javor K Novev 1 , Mathias L Heltberg 1, 2 , Mogens H Jensen 1 , Amin Doostmohammadi 1
Affiliation  

How cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli remains an open question. Recent advances have identified the translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) between nucleus and cytoplasm as a central mechanism for sensing mechanical forces and regulating mechanotransduction. We formulate a spatiotemporal model of the mechanotransduction signalling pathway that includes coupling of YAP with the cell force-generation machinery through the Rho family of GTPases. Considering the active and inactive forms of a single Rho protein (GTP/GDP-bound) and of YAP (non-phosphorylated/phosphorylated), we study the cross-talk between cell polarization due to active Rho and YAP activation through its nuclear localization. For fixed mechanical stimuli, our model predicts stationary nuclear-to-cytoplasmic YAP ratios consistent with experimental data at varying adhesive cell area. We further predict damped and even sustained oscillations in the YAP nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio by accounting for recently reported positive and negative YAP-Rho feedback. Extending the framework to time-varying mechanical stimuli that simulate cyclic stretching and compression, we show that the YAP nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio’s time dependence follows that of the cyclic mechanical stimulus. The model presents one of the first frameworks for understanding spatiotemporal YAP mechanotransduction, providing several predictions of possible YAP localization dynamics, and suggesting new directions for experimental and theoretical studies.

中文翻译:

通过 Rho 和 YAP 的细胞机械转导时空模型

细胞如何感知和响应机械刺激仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。最近的进展已经确定了 Yes 相关蛋白 (YAP) 在细胞核和细胞质之间的易位作为感知机械力和调节机械转导的中心机制。我们制定了机械转导信号通路的时空模型,包括通过 GTP 酶的 Rho 家族将 YAP 与细胞力产生机制耦合。考虑到单个 Rho 蛋白(GTP/GDP 结合)和 YAP(非磷酸化/磷酸化)的活性和非活性形式,我们研究了由活性 Rho 引起的细胞极化和通过其核定位激活 YAP 之间的串扰。对于固定的机械刺激,我们的模型预测固定的核质 YAP 比率与不同粘附细胞面积的实验数据一致。我们通过考虑最近报道的正负 YAP-Rho 反馈,进一步预测 YAP 核质比的阻尼甚至持续振荡。将框架扩展到模拟循环拉伸和压缩的时变机械刺激,我们表明 YAP 核质比的时间依赖性遵循循环机械刺激的时间依赖性。该模型提出了理解时空 YAP 机械转导的首批框架之一,提供了对可能的 YAP 定位动力学的几种预测,并为实验和理论研究提出了新的方向。我们通过考虑最近报道的正负 YAP-Rho 反馈,进一步预测 YAP 核质比的阻尼甚至持续振荡。将框架扩展到模拟循环拉伸和压缩的时变机械刺激,我们表明 YAP 核质比的时间依赖性遵循循环机械刺激的时间依赖性。该模型提出了理解时空 YAP 机械转导的首批框架之一,提供了对可能的 YAP 定位动力学的几种预测,并为实验和理论研究提出了新的方向。我们通过考虑最近报道的正负 YAP-Rho 反馈,进一步预测 YAP 核质比的阻尼甚至持续振荡。将框架扩展到模拟循环拉伸和压缩的时变机械刺激,我们表明 YAP 核质比的时间依赖性遵循循环机械刺激的时间依赖性。该模型提出了理解时空 YAP 机械转导的首批框架之一,提供了对可能的 YAP 定位动力学的几种预测,并为实验和理论研究提出了新的方向。我们表明,YAP 核质比的时间依赖性遵循循环机械刺激的时间依赖性。该模型提出了理解时空 YAP 机械转导的首批框架之一,提供了对可能的 YAP 定位动力学的几种预测,并为实验和理论研究提出了新的方向。我们表明,YAP 核质比的时间依赖性遵循循环机械刺激的时间依赖性。该模型提出了理解时空 YAP 机械转导的首批框架之一,提供了对可能的 YAP 定位动力学的几种预测,并为实验和理论研究提出了新的方向。
更新日期:2021-08-12
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