In recent years, psychology has wrestled with the broader implications of disappointing rates of replication of previously demonstrated effects. This article proposes that many aspects of this pattern of results can be understood within the classic framework of four proposed forms of validity: statistical conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. The article explains the conceptual logic for how differences in each type of validity across an original study and a subsequent replication attempt can lead to replication “failure.” Existing themes in the replication literature related to each type of validity are also highlighted. Furthermore, empirical evidence is considered for the role of each type of validity in non-replication. The article concludes with a discussion of broader implications of this classic validity framework for improving replication rates in psychological research.

近年来，心理学一直在努力应对先前表现出的效果令人失望的复制率所带来的更广泛影响。本文提出，可以在四种提出的效度形式的经典框架内理解这种结果模式的许多方面：统计结论效度、内部效度、结构效度和外部效度。这篇文章解释了原始研究和随后的复制尝试中每种类型有效性的差异如何导致复制“失败”的概念逻辑。与每种类型的有效性相关的复制文献中的现有主题也被突出显示。此外，对于每种类型的有效性在非复制中的作用，我们考虑了经验证据。