Sunspot observations are available in fairly good numbers since 1610, after the invention of the telescope. This review is concerned with those sunspot observations of which longer records and drawings in particular are available. Those records bear information beyond the classical sunspot numbers or group sunspot numbers. We begin with a brief summary on naked-eye sunspot observations, in particular those with drawings. They are followed by the records of drawings from 1610 to about 1900. The review is not a compilation of all known historical sunspot information. Some records contributing substantially to the sunspot number time series may therefore be absent. We also glance at the evolution of the understanding of what sunspots actually are, from 1610 to the 19th century. The final part of the review illuminates the physical quantities that can be derived from historical drawings.

中文翻译：

---

黑子历史记录

自1610年望远镜发明以来，太阳黑子的观测数据就相当多了。这次审查与那些黑子观测有关，特别是可以得到更长的记录和图纸。这些记录所包含的信息超出了经典黑子数或组黑子数。我们首先简要概述一下肉眼黑子黑子的观测，特别是那些带有图纸的观测。他们之后是1610年至1900年左右的图纸记录。此次评论并不是对所有已知历史黑子信息的汇编。因此可能缺少一些对黑子数时间序列有重大贡献的记录。我们还瞥见了从1610到19世纪对黑子实际上是什么的理解的演变。