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Creation of oxygen vacancies to activate WO3 for higher efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells†
Sustainable Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-16 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7se00483d Hytham Elbohy 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Khan Mamun Reza 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Salem Abdulkarim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Qiquan Qiao 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Sustainable Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-16 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7se00483d Hytham Elbohy 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Khan Mamun Reza 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Salem Abdulkarim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Qiquan Qiao 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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In this work, oxygen vacancies were created to activate tungsten trioxide (WO3) as a highly efficient counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The levels of oxygen vacancies (OVs) in WO3 were finely formed and tuned by doping with different weight percentages (3, 5, and 9 wt%) of urea and annealing in a N2 environment at 470 °C. The urea doped WO3 significantly improved the electrocatalytic behaviour in the iodide–triiodide electrolyte. The effects of OVs on the catalytic performance of WO3 CEs were fully studied and understood. This improvement was attributed to the introduction of OVs into WO3, which acted as surface shallow states to facilitate electron transfer from the WO3 counter electrode to the electrolyte. At a high temperature of 470 °C, urea decomposes into the reactive H2 gas that can remove oxygen atoms from the WO3 surface and create OVs. 5 wt% urea was found to be the optimal urea concentration that led to the highest catalytic performance as evidenced by the cyclic voltammetry measurements. The 5 wt% urea doped WO3 CE-based device achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼10.5%, which was improved from the reference Pt CE-based device at ∼9.3% and non-active WO3 CE based cell at 3.32%. This has led to the optimal number of OVs that facilitate the charge transfer at the CE/electrolyte interface.
中文翻译：
产生氧空位以激活WO 3，从而获得更高效率的染料敏化太阳能电池†
在这项工作中，创建了氧空位以激活三氧化钨（WO 3），作为染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）中的高效对电极（CE）。通过掺杂不同重量百分比（3、5和9 wt％）的尿素并在470°C的N 2环境中进行退火，可以精细地形成和调整WO 3中的氧空位（OVs）的水平。掺杂尿素的WO 3显着改善了碘化物-三碘化物电解质中的电催化行为。OVs对WO 3 CEs催化性能的影响已得到充分研究和理解。该改进归因于将OV引入WO 3中用作表面浅状态，以促进电子从WO 3对电极转移到电解质。在470°C的高温下，尿素分解为反应性H 2气体，该气体可从WO 3表面去除氧原子并产生OVs。发现5wt％的尿素是导致最高催化性能的最佳尿素浓度，如循环伏安法测量所证明的。5 wt％的尿素掺杂WO 3 CE基器件实现了约10.5％的功率转换效率（PCE），相对于参考Pt CE基器件约9.3％和非活性WO 3而言，功率转换效率有所提高。基于CE的单元格占3.32％。这导致了OV的最佳数量，可促进CE /电解质界面上的电荷转移。
更新日期：2017-11-16
中文翻译：
产生氧空位以激活WO 3，从而获得更高效率的染料敏化太阳能电池†
在这项工作中，创建了氧空位以激活三氧化钨（WO 3），作为染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）中的高效对电极（CE）。通过掺杂不同重量百分比（3、5和9 wt％）的尿素并在470°C的N 2环境中进行退火，可以精细地形成和调整WO 3中的氧空位（OVs）的水平。掺杂尿素的WO 3显着改善了碘化物-三碘化物电解质中的电催化行为。OVs对WO 3 CEs催化性能的影响已得到充分研究和理解。该改进归因于将OV引入WO 3中用作表面浅状态，以促进电子从WO 3对电极转移到电解质。在470°C的高温下，尿素分解为反应性H 2气体，该气体可从WO 3表面去除氧原子并产生OVs。发现5wt％的尿素是导致最高催化性能的最佳尿素浓度，如循环伏安法测量所证明的。5 wt％的尿素掺杂WO 3 CE基器件实现了约10.5％的功率转换效率（PCE），相对于参考Pt CE基器件约9.3％和非活性WO 3而言，功率转换效率有所提高。基于CE的单元格占3.32％。这导致了OV的最佳数量，可促进CE /电解质界面上的电荷转移。
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