The majority of blood cancers occur in the elderly. This fact conspires with an aging population in many countries to make rigorous assessment for frailty increasingly important for hematologic oncologists. In this review, we first define frailty and its relevance for patients with hematologic malignancy. Next, we review current data regarding the effect of domains of frailty on outcomes for blood cancers including myelodysplastic syndromes, acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Finally, after presenting assessment and treatment options for the practicing hematologist, we propose elements of a new research agenda for geriatric hematology: the exchange of age limits for rigorous frailty screening, development of disease-specific measures, and inclusion of functional and patient-reported outcomes alongside survival.

中文翻译：

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虚弱和血液系统恶性肿瘤的管理

大多数血癌发生在老年人身上。这一事实与许多国家人口老龄化有关，因此对血液肿瘤学家来说，对衰弱的严格评估变得越来越重要。在这篇综述中，我们首先定义了虚弱及其与血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的相关性。接下来，我们回顾了有关衰弱领域对血癌结果影响的当前数据，包括骨髓增生异常综合征、急性白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤（如慢性淋巴细胞白血病）和多发性骨髓瘤。最后，在为执业血液学家提出评估和治疗方案后，我们提出了老年血液学新研究议程的要素：严格的虚弱筛查的年龄限制交换，疾病特异性措施的开发，