Black Carbon (Biochar) In Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk,Environmental Science & Technology

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Black Carbon (Biochar) In Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-15 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02528
Fei Lian _{1,

2} , Baoshan Xing ₂

Affiliation

Black carbon (BC) is ubiquitous in the environments and participates in various biogeochemical processes. Both positive and negative effects of BC (especially biochar) on the ecosystem have been identified, which are mainly derived from its diverse physicochemical properties. Nevertheless, few studies systematically examined the linkage between the evolution of BC molecular structure with the resulted BC properties, environmental functions as well as potential risk, which is critical for understanding the BC environmental behavior and utilization as a multifunctional product. Thus, this review highlights the molecular structure evolution of BC during pyrolysis and the impact of BC physicochemical properties on its sorption behavior, stability, and potential risk in terrestrial and aqueous ecosystems. Given the wide application of BC and its important role in biogeochemical processes, future research should focus on the following: (1) establishing methodology to more precisely predict and design BC properties on the basis of pyrolysis and phase transformation of biomass; (2) developing an assessment system to evaluate the long-term effect of BC on stabilization and bioavailability of contaminants, agrochemicals, and nutrient elements in soils; and (3) elucidating the interaction mechanisms of BC with plant roots, microorganisms, and soil components.

中文翻译：

水/土壤环境中的黑炭（生物炭）：分子结构，吸附，稳定性和潜在风险

黑碳（BC）在环境中无处不在，并参与各种生物地球化学过程。BC（特别是生物炭）对生态系统的正面和负面影响都已被确认，这主要是由于其多种理化特性所致。然而，很少有研究系统地检查BC分子结构的演变与所得BC特性，环境功能以及潜在风险之间的联系，这对于了解BC环境行为和作为多功能产品的利用至关重要。因此，本综述着重介绍了热解过程中BC的分子结构演变以及BC物理化学性质对其吸附行为，稳定性以及在陆地和水生生态系统中的潜在风险的影响。鉴于BC的广泛应用及其在生物地球化学过程中的重要作用，未来的研究应集中在以下方面：（1）建立方法以在生物质的热解和相变的基础上更精确地预测和设计BC的特性；（2）建立评估系统，以评估BC对土壤中污染物，农药和营养元素的稳定和生物利用度的长期影响；（3）阐明BC与植物根，微生物和土壤成分的相互作用机理。（2）建立评估系统，以评估BC对土壤中污染物，农药和营养元素的稳定和生物利用度的长期影响；（3）阐明BC与植物根，微生物和土壤成分的相互作用机理。（2）建立评估系统，以评估BC对土壤中污染物，农药和营养元素的稳定和生物利用度的长期影响；（3）阐明BC与植物根，微生物和土壤成分的相互作用机理。

更新日期：2017-11-16

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