Restricted by their high specific surface area and porous structures, activated carbon (AC) materials display poor performances, such as a low initial coulombic efficiency in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, it is an ideal choice for carriers, where the high specific surface area is indispensable. Herein, a novel strategy to design S-doped carbon employing durian shell-based AC (DSAC) as the template is proposed and the effect of the amount of DSAC additive was investigated in detail. Impressively, an optimized amount of DSAC additive would contribute to the good dispersion of poly-2-thiophenemethanol (sulfur source) as well as an increased number of active sites for Na storage, thus resulting in excellent electrochemical performance. A high reversible specific capacity of 345 mA h g⁻¹ was attained and the specific capacity of 264 mA h g⁻¹ was retained after 200 cycles. In particular, a high initial coulombic efficiency of 56.02% and remarkable rate capability of 100.02 mA h g⁻¹ were achieved at 5 A g⁻¹ even after 4500 cycles. Meaningfully, the proposed route used to prepare carbon materials for SIBs can effectively facilitate the further application of AC and the construction of high-performance electrode materials for SIBs.

中文翻译：

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以生物质活性炭为载体的硫掺杂碳，具有增强的钠储存性能

受其高比表面积和多孔结构的限制，活性炭（AC）材料显示出较差的性能，例如钠离子电池（SIB）的初始库仑效率低。然而，对于高比表面积是必不可少的载体，它是理想的选择。本文提出了一种以榴莲壳基AC（DSAC）为模板设计S掺杂碳的新策略，并详细研究了DSAC添加剂用量的影响。令人印象深刻的是，最适量的DSAC添加剂将有助于聚-2-硫代苯甲醇（硫源）的良好分散，并增加钠存储的活性位，从而获得出色的电化学性能。345 mA hg ^-1的高可逆比容量在200个循环后，获得了264mg hg ^-1的比容量，并且保留了它的比容量。特别地，即使在4500次循环之后，在5A g ^-1时也实现了56.02％的高初始库仑效率和100.02 mA hg ^-1的显着速率能力。有意义的是，所建议的用于制备SIBs的碳材料的途径可以有效地促进AC的进一步应用和构建SIBs的高性能电极材料。