While broad spectrum antibiotics play an invaluable role in the treatment of bacterial infections, there are some drawbacks to their use, namely selection for and spread of resistance across multiple bacterial species, and the detrimental effect they can have upon the host microbiome. If the causative agent of the infection is known, the use of narrow-spectrum antibacterial agents has the potential to mitigate some of these issues. This review outlines the advantages and challenges of narrow-spectrum antibacterial agents, discusses the progress that has been made toward developing diagnostics to enable their use, and describes some of the narrow-spectrum antibacterial agents currently being investigated against some of the most clinically important bacteria including Clostridium difficile, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and several ESKAPE pathogens.

中文翻译：

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窄谱抗菌剂

虽然广谱抗生素在细菌感染的治疗中起着不可估量的作用，但是它们的使用也有一些缺点，即对多种细菌的耐药性的选择和扩散，以及它们对宿主微生物组的有害作用。如果已知感染的病原体，则使用窄谱抗菌剂有可能缓解其中一些问题。这篇综述概述了窄谱抗菌剂的优点和挑战，讨论了开发诊断方法以使其能够使用的进展，并描述了目前正在针对某些临床上最重要的细菌进行研究的某些窄谱抗菌剂包括艰难梭菌，结核分枝杆菌和几种ESKAPE病原体。