The Li-S batteries are a prospective battery technology, which despite to its currently remaining drawbacks offers useable performance and interesting features. The polysulfide shuttle mechanism, a characteristic phenomenon for the Li-S batteries, causes a significant self-discharge at higher state-of-charge (SOC) levels, which leads to the energy dissipation of cells with higher charge. In an operation of series-connected Li-S cells, the shuttle mechanism results into a self-balancing effect which is studied here. A model for prediction of the self-balancing effect is proposed in this work and it is validated by experiments. Our results confirm the self-balancing feature of Li-S cells and illustrate their dependence on various conditions such as temperature, charging limits and idling time at high SOC.

Li-S电池是一种前瞻性的电池技术，尽管其目前仍存在缺陷，但仍提供了可用的性能和有趣的功能。多硫化物穿梭机制是Li-S电池的一种典型现象，会在较高的荷电状态（SOC）级别下引起明显的自放电，从而导致具有较高电荷的电池的能量耗散。在串联Li-S电池的操作中，穿梭机制导致自平衡效应，在此进行研究。在这项工作中提出了一种预测自我平衡效果的模型，并通过实验对其进行了验证。我们的结果证实了Li-S电池的自平衡特性，并说明了它们在高温，高SOC下对各种条件的依赖，例如温度，充电极限和空转时间。