Spontaneous fluctuations in hemodynamic signals in the absence of a task or overt stimulation are used to infer neural activity. We tested this coupling by simultaneously measuring neural activity and changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the somatosensory cortex of awake, head-fixed mice during periods of true rest and during whisker stimulation and volitional whisking. We found that neurovascular coupling was similar across states and that large, spontaneous CBV changes in the absence of sensory input were driven by volitional whisker and body movements. Hemodynamic signals during periods of rest were weakly correlated with neural activity. Spontaneous fluctuations in CBV and vessel diameter persisted when local neural spiking and glutamatergic input were blocked, as well as during blockade of noradrenergic receptors, suggesting a non-neuronal origin for spontaneous CBV fluctuations. Spontaneous hemodynamic signals reflect a combination of behavior, local neural activity, and putatively non-neural processes.

中文翻译：

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静息状态下血流动力学信号与正在进行的神经活动之间的相关性较弱。

在没有任务或明显刺激的情况下，血流动力学信号的自发波动被用来推断神经活动。我们通过同时测量清醒、头部固定的小鼠在真正休息期间以及胡须刺激和意志搅拌期间的神经活动和脑血容量 (CBV) 的变化来测试这种耦合。我们发现神经血管耦合在不同状态下是相似的，并且在没有感觉输入的情况下，大的、自发的 CBV 变化是由意志胡须和身体运动驱动的。休息期间的血流动力学信号与神经活动弱相关。当局部神经尖峰和谷氨酸能输入被阻断时，以及在去甲肾上腺素能受体阻断期间，CBV 和血管直径的自发波动持续存在，表明自发 CBV 波动的非神经元起源。自发的血流动力学信号反映了行为、局部神经活动和假定的非神经过程的组合。