Childhood anxiety disorders are the most common mental health diagnoses, with prevalence rates of 15% to 20%. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined 115 studies to determine the efficacy and safety of behavioral and pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders in children. Evidence supports the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors for reducing childhood anxiety symptoms. In an Editorial, Asarnow and colleagues discuss the challenges in implementing evidence-based mental health care in practice and the need for further research to improve the outcomes for children who are resistant to current therapies.

儿童焦虑症是最常见的心理健康诊断，患病率为15％至20％。这项系统的回顾和荟萃分析检查了115项研究，以确定行为和药物治疗儿童焦虑症的有效性和安全性。证据支持认知行为疗法，选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂对减轻儿童焦虑症状的有效性。在一篇社论中，Asarnow及其同事讨论了在实践中实施基于证据的精神卫生保健所面临的挑战，以及需要进行进一步研究以改善对目前疗法有抵抗力的儿童的结局的需求。