Bottom ashes generated from municipal solid waste incineration have gained increasing popularity as alternative construction materials, however, they contains elevated heavy metals posing a challenge for its free usage. Different leaching methods are developed to quantify leaching potential of incineration bottom ashes meanwhile guide its environmentally friendly application. Yet, there are diverse IBA applications while the in situ environment is always complicated, challenging its legislation. In this study, leaching tests were conveyed using batch and column leaching methods with seawater as opposed to deionized water, to unveil the metal leaching potential of IBA subjected to salty environment, which is commonly encountered when using IBA in land reclamation yet not well understood. Statistical analysis for different leaching methods suggested disparate performance between seawater and deionized water primarily ascribed to ionic strength. Impacts of leachant are metal-specific dependent on leaching methods and have a function of intrinsic characteristics of incineration bottom ashes. Leaching performances were further compared on additional perspectives, e.g. leaching approach and liquid to solid ratio, indicating sophisticated leaching potentials dominated by combined geochemistry. It is necessary to develop application-oriented leaching methods with corresponding leaching criteria to preclude discriminations between different applications, e.g., terrestrial applications vs. land reclamation.

中文翻译：

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海水和去离子水焚烧底灰浸出行为的统计比较：基于几种浸出方法的重大发现

由城市固体废物焚化产生的底灰作为替代建筑材料已越来越受欢迎，但是它们所含的重金属含量较高，对其自由使用构成了挑战。开发了不同的浸出方法以量化焚烧底灰的浸出潜力，同时指导其环保应用。但是，在现场进行IBA的应用程序却多种多样环境总是很复杂，挑战其立法。在这项研究中，使用海水和去离子水通过分批浸提法和柱浸提法进行浸提试验，以揭示在盐渍环境下IBA的金属浸提潜力，这在土地开垦中使用IBA时经常遇到，但尚未得到很好的理解。对不同浸出方法的统计分析表明，海水和去离子水之间的性能差异主要归因于离子强度。浸出剂的影响是特定于金属的，具体取决于浸出方法，并且具有焚烧底灰的固有特性。在其他方面对浸出性能进行了进一步比较，例如浸出方法和液固比，表明复杂的浸出潜力是综合地球化学所主导的。有必要开发具有相应浸出标准的面向应用的浸出方法，以排除不同应用（例如，地面应用与土地开垦）之间的区别。