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Exploring the emergence of complexity using synthetic replicators
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00123a Tamara Kosikova 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Douglas Philp 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00123a Tamara Kosikova 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Douglas Philp 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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A significant number of synthetic systems capable of replicating themselves or entities that are complementary to themselves have appeared in the last 30 years. Building on an understanding of the operation of synthetic replicators in isolation, this field has progressed to examples where catalytic relationships between replicators within the same network and the extant reaction conditions play a role in driving phenomena at the level of the whole system. Systems chemistry has played a pivotal role in the attempts to understand the origin of biological complexity by exploiting the power of synthetic chemistry, in conjunction with the molecular recognition toolkit pioneered by the field of supramolecular chemistry, thereby permitting the bottom-up engineering of increasingly complex reaction networks from simple building blocks. This review describes the advances facilitated by the systems chemistry approach in relating the expression of complex and emergent behaviour in networks of replicators with the connectivity and catalytic relationships inherent within them. These systems, examined within well-stirred batch reactors, represent conceptual and practical frameworks that can then be translated to conditions that permit replicating systems to overcome the fundamental limits imposed on selection processes in networks operating under closed conditions. This shift away from traditional spatially homogeneous reactors towards dynamic and non-equilibrium conditions, such as those provided by reaction–diffusion reaction formats, constitutes a key change that mimics environments within cellular systems, which possess obvious compartmentalisation and inhomogeneity.
中文翻译：
使用合成复制器探索复杂性的出现
在过去的30年中，出现了许多能够复制自身或与自身互补的实体的合成系统。基于对孤立的合成复制器操作的理解，该领域已发展为示例，其中同一网络内复制器之间的催化关系与现有反应条件在驱动整个系统级别的现象中发挥了作用。通过利用合成化学的力量，结合超分子化学领域首创的分子识别工具包，系统化学在尝试理解生物复杂性的起源中发挥了关键作用，从而使自下而上的工程学变得越来越复杂简单构建模块的反应网络。这篇综述描述了系统化学方法在复制器网络中复杂和紧急行为的表达与其内在的连通性和催化关系之间的联系方面所取得的进展。在搅拌良好的间歇反应器中检查的这些系统代表了概念和实际框架，可将其转化为允许复制系统克服在封闭条件下运行的网络中选择过程所受到的基本限制的条件。这种从传统的空间均质反应器向动态和非平衡条件的转变，例如由反应扩散反应形式提供的条件，构成了模仿细胞系统内环境的关键变化，该环境具有明显的区室化和不均匀性。
更新日期：2017-11-03
中文翻译：
使用合成复制器探索复杂性的出现
在过去的30年中，出现了许多能够复制自身或与自身互补的实体的合成系统。基于对孤立的合成复制器操作的理解，该领域已发展为示例，其中同一网络内复制器之间的催化关系与现有反应条件在驱动整个系统级别的现象中发挥了作用。通过利用合成化学的力量，结合超分子化学领域首创的分子识别工具包，系统化学在尝试理解生物复杂性的起源中发挥了关键作用，从而使自下而上的工程学变得越来越复杂简单构建模块的反应网络。这篇综述描述了系统化学方法在复制器网络中复杂和紧急行为的表达与其内在的连通性和催化关系之间的联系方面所取得的进展。在搅拌良好的间歇反应器中检查的这些系统代表了概念和实际框架，可将其转化为允许复制系统克服在封闭条件下运行的网络中选择过程所受到的基本限制的条件。这种从传统的空间均质反应器向动态和非平衡条件的转变，例如由反应扩散反应形式提供的条件，构成了模仿细胞系统内环境的关键变化，该环境具有明显的区室化和不均匀性。
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