Current cancer immunotherapy approaches utilize the remarkable surveillance capacity of the human immune system, which is capable of recognizing and eliminating cancer cells based on identification of tumor-associated antigens arising as a consequence of the transformation process. Among these, mutational-derived neoepitopes have proved to be powerful targets for tumor elimination and mutational load has been shown to correlate with the clinical response to treatment with checkpoint inhibitors in many different tumor types. This suggests a crucial role for neoepitope recognition in T-cell-mediated tumor eradication. Consequently, strategies to further boost neoepitope recognition, through vaccination or adoptive cell transfer, has received substantial interest. Although such strategies have enormous potential, there are also considerable challenges associated with these approaches. In the present review, we will focus on how novel technological developments can facilitate and improve feasibility and efficacy in neoepitope targeting.

中文翻译：

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协助新表位靶向个性化癌症免疫治疗的新型工具

当前的癌症免疫疗法方法利用人类免疫系统的显着监视能力，该能力能够基于鉴定由于转化过程而产生的肿瘤相关抗原来识别和消除癌细胞。其中，突变来源的新表位已被证明是消除肿瘤的有力靶标，并且突变负荷已显示与许多不同肿瘤类型中检查点抑制剂治疗的临床反应相关。这暗示了新表位识别在T细胞介导的肿瘤根除中的关键作用。因此，通过疫苗接种或过继性细胞转移来进一步增强新表位识别的策略已引起广泛关注。尽管这样的策略具有巨大的潜力，这些方法也存在相当大的挑战。在当前的审查中，我们将专注于新技术的发展如何能够促进和提高新表位靶向的可行性和功效。