The experiments performed in this work proved the ability of Gracilaria gracilis to concentrate and recover Critical Rare Elements (CRE) from contaminated waters. The importance of recycling of these elements is related to their very limited sources in Nature and progressive use in technologies. Moreover, their mining exploitation has negative environmental impact, and recent studies point them as new emerging pollutants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the application of living macroalgae for the removal and recovery of CRE. G. gracilis (2.5 g L⁻¹, fresh weight) was exposed to mono- and multi-element saline solutions of 500 μg L⁻¹ of Y, Ce, Nd, Eu and La. Removal was up to 70% in 48 hours, with bioaccumulation following Elovich kinetic model. In multi-element solutions, selectivity was not observed although removal of lanthanides improved comparatively to single-element solutions. No mortality or adverse effect on growth was registered. The subsequent macroalgae digestion allowed collecting virtually 100% of all elements in a 300-fold more concentrated solution. The overall results suggest the application of living macroalgae as a simple and effective alternative technology for removing and recovering CRE from wastewaters, contributing to an improvement of water quality and CRE recycling.

中文翻译：

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活的Gracilaria gracilis从受污染的水中去除和回收关键稀有元素

在这项工作中进行的实验证明了江Gra的浓缩能力和从受污染的水中回收关键稀有元素（CRE）的能力。这些元素的回收利用的重要性与其在自然界中的来源非常有限以及在技术中的逐步使用有关。此外，它们的开采对环境造成负面影响，最近的研究指出它们是新出现的污染物。据我们所知，这是关于使用活藻类去除和回收CRE的第一份报告。G.眼虫（2.5克L- ^-1，鲜重）暴露于单和500微克L型多元件盐水溶液^-1Y，Ce，Nd，Eu和La的去除。在48小时内去除率高达70％，并遵循Elovich动力学模型进行生物富集。在多元素溶液中，尽管镧系元素的去除相对于单元素溶液有所改善，但未观察到选择性。没有发现死亡率或对生长的不利影响。随后的大型藻类消化允许在浓缩300倍的溶液中收集几乎所有元素的100％。总体结果表明，活的大型藻类作为一种简单有效的替代技术可用于从废水中去除和回收CRE，从而有助于改善水质和CRE循环利用。