Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction, mainly to drugs, that presents as mucocutaneous blistering and sloughing and which may follow a devastating clinical course. Although its incidence is roughly 1–2 cases per million/year, the mortality rate may be as high as 30% when the condition progresses to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN; also known as Lyell’s syndrome). Many different drug classes have been implicated as causes of SJS (e.g. antibiotics, NSAIDs, anticonvulsants) [1]. Among them, immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as the anti-PD1 agent nivolumab, are emerging culprits. This is especially relevant considering that the use of such drugs in oncology is becoming more widespread in an ever-increasing number of cancer types. It has recently been reported that up to 22% of patients receiving anti-PD1 therapy develop inflammatory skin lesions ranging from mild maculopapular to severe SJS-like rashes [2].

中文翻译：

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纳武单抗治疗NSCLC期间的史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合症。

史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合症（SJS）是IV型超敏反应，主要是针对药物的反应，表现为粘膜皮肤起泡和脱落，可能会经历毁灭性的临床过程。尽管其发病率约为每年每百万例1-2例，但当病情发展为毒性表皮坏死溶解（TEN；也称为Lyell综合征）时，死亡率可能高达30％。许多不同类型的药物被认为是引起SJS的原因（例如抗生素，NSAID，抗惊厥药）[1]。其中，免疫检查点抑制剂，例如抗PD1药物nivolumab，是新兴的罪魁祸首。考虑到在越来越多的癌症类型中，这种药物在肿瘤学中的使用变得越来越普遍，这一点尤其重要。