Bionanotechnology routes have been recently developed to produce fully artificial exosomes: biomimetic particles designed to overcome certain limitations in extracellular vesicle (EV) biology and applications. These particles could soon become true therapeutic biomaterials. Here, we outline their current preparation techniques, their explored and future possibilities, and their present limits.

中文翻译：

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完全人造的外泌体：寻求新的治疗生物材料

最近，已经开发出了仿生技术路线来生产完全人工的外泌体：仿生颗粒，旨在克服细胞外囊泡（EV）生物学和应用中的某些局限性。这些颗粒将很快成为真正的治疗性生物材料。在这里，我们概述了他们目前的制备技术，他们探索的和未来的可能性以及它们目前的局限性。