T he widespread adoption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for children infected with HIV ushered in a new era in which long-term survival is expected for the majority of these patients. While there are clear benefits of these medications on overall outcomes, they do have potentially cardiotoxic effects. Hyperlipidemia, QT prolongation, and arrhythmias are reported side effects of protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and animal models suggest that nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors may be associated with myocarditis (1,2). This is of great clinical importance as even small changes in echocardiographic parameters are associated with increased mortality in this population (3,4). The long-term cardiovascular effects of HAART in HIV-infected children, however, have not been well-characterized.

中文翻译：

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HAART 为孩子们的心脏

对感染 HIV 的儿童广泛采用高效抗逆转录病毒疗法 (HAART) 开创了一个新时代，其中大多数患者有望获得长期生存。虽然这些药物对总体结果有明显的好处，但它们确实具有潜在的心脏毒性作用。据报道，蛋白酶抑制剂和非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂的副作用是高脂血症、QT 间期延长和心律失常，动物模型表明核苷和核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂可能与心肌炎有关 (1,2)。这具有重要的临床意义，因为即使超声心动图参数的微小变化也与该人群的死亡率增加有关 (3,4)。然而，HAART 对 HIV 感染儿童的长期心血管影响，